| Ethics Hero Emeritus: Paul Scofield (1922-2008) (March 2008)
Actors occasionally have the opportunity and the ability to make more
powerful, lasting and persuasive arguments for ethical conduct than
any philosopher or teacher. It is true that in doing so the actors'
own values are not the ones on display, but it also likely that no actor
is good enough to convey a thorough understanding of ethical values
on screen or stage without possessing a strong connection to them in
life. At least that is the feeling I always had when I watched the great
Paul Scofield, who has died at the age of 86, play Sir Thomas More in
the classic 1966 film, "A Man for All Seasons," perhaps the best movie
about ethics, integrity, honesty and courage ever made. "A Man for All Seasons," which was an adaptation of a successful Robert
Bolt play, dramatized the period in More's life when he was under pressure
from his erstwhile friend, King Henry the VIII, to endorse the King's
rejection of the Pope's authority over the church and support Henry's
divorce in order to marry Anne Boleyn. Scofield's portrayal of More's
adamant refusal to reject his core values, his exquisite discourse on
mankind, the law, loyalty and ethical priorities (most of them either
direct quotes or adapted from the real More's writings), and his ultimate
execution for holding principle more sacred than the power of a king is
inspiring and instructive. In face, voice and movement, the actor becomes
More, and as with Spencer Tracy's version of Clarence Darrow in the movie
adaptation of "Inherit the Wind," it is the actor, not the historical
record, that guarantees More's life and words will continue to influence
society, conduct and thought for all time. We have Thomas More and Robert
Bolt to thank for that, but most of all, we owe a debt to Paul Scofield. Scofield was more than the celluloid Thomas More, of course. He originate
the part of Salieri in "Amadeus," was one of the stage's greatest King
Lears, and earned a reputation as the equal of Great Britain's most
celebrated actors, such as Olivier, Gielgud, Redgrave and Richardson.
But his Sir Thomas More is his legacy, his gift to the world and the
culture, and the achievement that will outlive all others, because its
impact goes far beyond entertainment. There are too many memorable moments in Scofield's performance to list.
The favorite of many, an authentic More quote, is his rebuke to Richard
Rich, whose perjury at trial led to More's condemnation and death. Rich
shows More his medallion of office as the Attorney General for Wales,
the reward for his lie. More responds, "Why Richard, it profits a man
nothing to give his soul for the whole world... but for Wales?" Another
exchange that is a favorite of judges and lawyers is this one, an angry
conversation with More's nemesis, Thomas Cromwell: More: You threaten like a dockside bully! Cromwell: How should I threaten? More: Like a minister of state. With justice. Cromwell: Oh, justice is what you're threatened with! Sir Thomas More: Then I am not threatened. But the speech that resonates through the centuries, a genuine Thomas
More quote that Scofield delivers with perception and passion, is the
one that celebrates the rule of law, and that decisively trumps the
arguments of zealots who would discard law and ethics in the pursuit
of a "greater good." More is debating with his soon-to-be son-in-law,
William Roper, whether the laws should be bent to stop evildoers. No
one who has ever seen the film can forget it, and it is wisdom that
those who lead our nation, and those who aspire to do so, ignore at
the peril of us all: Roper: So, now you give the Devil the benefit of law! More: Yes! What would you do? Cut a great road through the law
to get after the Devil? Roper: Yes, I'd cut down every law in England to do that! More: Oh? And when the last law was down, and the Devil
turned 'round on you, where would you hide, Roper, the laws all being
flat? This country is planted thick with laws, from coast to coast,
Man's laws, not God's! And if you cut them down, and you're just the
man to do it, do you really think you could stand upright in the winds
that would blow then? Yes, I'd give the Devil benefit of law, for my own safety's
sake!
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© 2007 Jack Marshall & ProEthics,
Ltd |